Identify the unethical practice of a researcher from the following:

Among the options stated above, the unethical practice of a researcher is avoiding Reliable Information.

Research ethics: 

• It is a guideline for the responsible conducts of a research
• It related to the ethical principles of social responsibility
• There are three types of ethics, metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics
• Ethics always help us to identify right or wrong, differentiate good or bad

Key Points

Some of the research ethics are as follows:

• Honesty: the researcher should be honest about the method, report data, results, publish the status.
• Integrity: researcher should care about the agreement or promises done before the research
• Objectivity: This is to avoid bias
• Respect intellectual property: Avoiding Plagiarism or any kind of copyright or duplication. Avoid using unpublished data or method or other without permission
• Carefulness: avoided error driven by negligence, keep record step of every step
• Confidentiality: keep confidentiality of collected data
• Responsibility: The responsibility of monitoring others, social responsibilities, use reliable and authentic data, etc.
• Protection: protection of human subject, animal or any other natural property
• Competence: maintain professional and scientific competence
• Legal: maintain legal aspects like government law, policies, institutional policies, etc.

So it is clear from the above discussion that Avoiding Plagiarism, Avoiding Duplication, Avoiding Manipulation all are ethical in nature but Avoiding Reliable Information is unethical in nature.