Consider the following art and architectural forms:

I. Rock-cut elephant at Dhauli in Orissa

II. Yakshi figure from Didarganj near Patna

III. Great Stupa at Sanchi in Madhya Pradesh

IV. 80-pillared hall at Kumrahar near Patna

Which of the above art and architectural forms belong to the Mauryan period?

Key Points

• The rock-cut elephant at Dhauli in Orissa is an example of Mauryan rock-cut architecture.
• The Yakshi figure from Didarganj near Patna is a fine example of Mauryan sculpture.
• The Great Stupa at Sanchi in Madhya Pradesh was originally commissioned by Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan dynasty.
• The 80-pillared hall at Kumrahar near Patna is a significant Mauryan architectural structure.

Additional Information

• Mauryan Art and Architecture:
  • The Maurya Empire (c. 322-185 BCE) marked a significant period in Indian history, particularly known for its art and architecture.
  • Mauryan architecture includes rock-cut caves, stupas, pillars, and palaces.
  • The Ashoka pillars, which are scattered across the Indian subcontinent, are another hallmark of Mauryan art. These pillars are noted for their polished finish and intricate carvings.
• Rock-cut Elephant at Dhauli:
  • The rock-cut elephant at Dhauli is believed to have been carved under the orders of Emperor Ashoka. It is a significant example of early Indian rock-cut architecture and art.
• Yakshi Figure from Didarganj:
  • The Yakshi figure, also known as the Didarganj Yakshi, is a renowned piece of Mauryan sculpture. It is celebrated for its high degree of polish and intricate detailing, showcasing the advanced sculptural skills of the time.
• Great Stupa at Sanchi:
  • The Great Stupa at Sanchi is one of the oldest stone structures in India, commissioned by Emperor Ashoka. It serves as an important monument in Buddhist art and architecture.
• 80-pillared Hall at Kumrahar:
  • The 80-pillared hall at Kumrahar near Patna is an example of Mauryan architecture. It is believed to have been a part of Ashoka's palace complex.