Consider the following language families:

L1 ≡ The context – free languages

L2 ≡ The context – sensitive languages

L3 ≡ The recursively enumerable languages

L4 ≡ The recursive languages

Which one of the following options is correct?

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UGC NET Computer Science (Paper 2) Dec 2019 Paper
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  1. L1 ⊆ L2 ⊆ L3 ⊆ L4
  2. L2 ⊆ L1 ⊆ L3 ⊆ L4
  3. L1 ⊆ L2 ⊆ L4 ⊆ L3
  4. L2 ⊆ L1 ⊆ L4 ⊆ L3

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : L1 ⊆ L2 ⊆ L4 ⊆ L3
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Detailed Solution

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Context free languages: A language is said to be context free if and only if there exists a context free grammar for it. A grammar G = (V, T, S, P) is said to be context free is all production is in the form of A -> x where A ϵ V and x ϵ (V U T)*. These are accepted by push down automata.

Context sensitive languages: If there exists a context sensitive grammar for a language, then it is known context sensitive language. Context sensitive grammar is one in which all productions are of the form x -> y where x, y ϵ (V U T)+ and x<=y. These are accepted by linear bounded automata.

Recursive languages: A language is recursive if there exists a Turing machine accepts it and halts on every input string.

Recursive enumerable languages: A language is recursive enumerable if there exists some Turing machine which accepts it.

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