For the voltage and current wave forms shown in the figure, which of the following is true? 

Concept

Form Factor: It is defined as the ratio of the RMS (Root Mean Square) value to the Average (Mean) value of a waveform.

\(Form \space Factor={RMS\space Value \over Average\space Value}\)

For a pure sinusoidal waveform, the form factor is 1.11.

Peak Factor (Crest Factor): It is defined as the ratio of the Peak (Maximum) value to the RMS value.

\(Peak\space Factor={Peak\space Value \over RMS\space Value}\)

For a pure sinusoidal waveform, the peak factor is 1.414.

Explanation

The above image shows sinusoidal waveforms for both voltage (V) and current (I) with a 90-degree phase shift.

Since both are pure sinusoids, the form factor of both waveforms should be equal. There is a 90-degree phase shift between them, meaning they are out of phase, but their waveform shapes remain identical in terms of amplitude variations.

Form factor of voltage waveform = Form factor of current waveform