Match List - I with List - II.

List - I (Computer attack/cyber crime)		List - II (Definition)
(A)	Worm	(I)	Misdirecting users to a fraudulent website without their knowledge or consent
(B)	Bot	(II)	A malware that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers across the network
(C)	Denial-of-Service	(III)	Flooding sites with useless traffic to overwhelm a network
(D)	Pharming	(IV)	A malware that responds to external commands sent by an attacker

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The correct answer is - (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(III), (D)-(I)

Key Points

• Worm (A)-(II)
  • A worm is a type of malware that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers across the network.
  • Unlike viruses, worms do not need to attach themselves to an existing program.
  • They exploit vulnerabilities in operating systems or applications to spread.
• Bot (B)-(IV)
  • A bot is a malware that responds to external commands sent by an attacker.
  • Bots are often used in botnets to carry out tasks like sending spam emails or participating in DDoS attacks.
  • They allow remote control of the infected system by the attacker.
• Denial-of-Service (C)-(III)
  • Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks flood sites with useless traffic to overwhelm a network.
  • The primary goal is to make a website or online service unavailable to its intended users.
  • DDoS (Distributed Denial-of-Service) is a more complex form involving multiple compromised systems to launch the attack.
• Pharming (D)-(I)
  • Pharming involves misdirecting users to a fraudulent website without their knowledge or consent.
  • It is often used to steal sensitive information such as login credentials and financial data.
  • Pharming can be accomplished by exploiting vulnerabilities in DNS servers or by using malicious software.

Additional Information

• Malware Types
  • Viruses: Malware that attaches itself to a legitimate program and spreads when the program is executed.
  • Trojans: Malware disguised as legitimate software, which provides unauthorized access to the user's system.
  • Ransomware: Malware that encrypts user data and demands a ransom to restore access.
• Cyber Security Measures
  • Firewalls: Network security systems that monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
  • Antivirus Software: Programs designed to detect and remove malware from the computer.
  • Encryption: The process of encoding data to prevent unauthorized access.
• Phishing
  • Similar to pharming but involves tricking users into providing sensitive information through fraudulent emails or messages.
  • Often involves impersonating a trustworthy entity to gain the user's confidence.