Total Quality Management (TQM) is a concept started in the year:

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UGC NET Paper 2: Education 19th June 2023 Shift 1

Answer 1

Key Points

Total Quality Management (TQM):

TQM is a management philosophy that emphasizes the importance of quality in all aspects of an organization.
It is a systematic approach to managing an organization that focuses on continuous improvement and customer satisfaction.
The roots of TQM can be traced back to the early 20th century, but it was not until the 1980s that it became a widely adopted management philosophy.
The term "Total Quality Management" was first used in the early 1980s by W. Edwards Deming, an American statistician and management consultant.
Deming is considered to be one of the pioneers of TQM and his work has had a major impact on the way businesses are managed around the world.
Total Quality Management (TQM) as a concept started in the year 1983.

TQM is based on the following principles:

Customer focus: TQM organizations focus on meeting or exceeding the needs of their customers.
Continuous improvement: TQM organizations are constantly looking for ways to improve their products and services.
Employee involvement: TQM organizations involve all employees in the quality improvement process.
Fact-based decision making: TQM organizations make decisions based on data and analysis.
Teamwork: TQM organizations emphasize teamwork and collaboration.
TQM has been shown to be an effective way to improve quality, productivity, and customer satisfaction.
It is a complex and challenging philosophy, but it can be a valuable tool for organizations that are committed to continuous improvement.

Therefore, the answer is 3, 1983.

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