What is the purpose of using bypass diodes in the series connected solar panels?

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ALP CBT 2 Electronic Mechanic Previous Paper: Held on 21 Jan 2019 Shift 2
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  1. Increasing the current through shaded cells 

  2. To increase the resistance of shaded cells

  3. ​Protection of shaded cells
  4. ​To redirect light for shaded cells 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : ​Protection of shaded cells
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  • The use of bypass diodes allows a series (called a string) of connected cells or panels to continue supplying power at a reduced voltage rather than no power at all.
  • Bypass diodes are connected in reverse bias between solar cells (or panel) positive and negative output terminals and have no effect on its output. 
  • The bypass diodes’ function is to eliminate the hot-spot phenomena which can damage the PV cells and even cause a fire if the light hitting the surface of the PV cells in a module is not uniform. 
  • Thus it enables the PV modules to operate with high reliability throughout their lifetime.

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