Which compound can be considered as a dehydration reagent?

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RRB Group D Previous Year Paper (Held on: 26 Aug 2022 Shift 2)
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  1. Ethanol
  2. Concentrated sulfuric acid
  3. Ethanoic acid
  4. Ethene

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Concentrated sulfuric acid
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Concentrated sulfuric acid

Key Points

  • Concentrated sulfuric acid is commonly used as a dehydration reagent in chemical reactions.
  • It effectively removes water (H2O) from compounds, facilitating various organic reactions.
  • In the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, alcohols can be dehydrated to form alkenes, which is a typical example of its use.
  • Other options listed, such as ethanol, ethanoic acid, and ethene, do not function as dehydration reagents.

Additional Information

  • Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a strong acid known for its dehydrating properties.
  • It is widely used in industrial processes, including the production of fertilizers, chemicals, and in petroleum refining.
  • In the laboratory, concentrated sulfuric acid is also used in the synthesis of esters, and in the preparation of dyes and explosives.
  • Due to its highly corrosive nature, concentrated sulfuric acid must be handled with care, using appropriate safety measures.
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