Which of the following components of CPU is responsible to direct the system to execute instructions?

  1. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
  2. Control Unit (CU)
  3. Registers
  4. Random Access Memory (RAM)

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Control Unit (CU)
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Detailed Solution

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Control Unit (CU):

  • The control unit controls and monitors communications between the hardware attached to the computer.
  • It controls the input and output of data, checks that signals have been delivered successfully, and makes sure that data goes to the correct place at the correct time.
  • The control unit is typically an internal part of the CPU with its overall role and operation unchanged since its introduction.

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Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU):

  • It performs all the arithmetic operations like addition (+), multiplication (*), subtraction (-), division (/) on the numerical data directed by the control unit.
  • All the logical operations, like less than (<), greater than (>), equal to (=), not equal to (≠), etc. are also carried out by ALU.

Registers/Memory Unit (MU):

  • To execute a program, data and instructions need to be stored temporarily.
  • This storage is done in the MU.
  • The data and instructions are retrieved from MU by Control Unit for supplying to ALU as when required by the program.

RAM:

RAM is the super-fast and temporary data storage space that a computer needs to access right now or in the next few moments.

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