According to whom ‘the existence of different social classes is the source of conflict’ ?

The correct answer is - Karl Marx

Key Points

• Karl Marx
  • Karl Marx is renowned for his theory of class conflict, which is central to his critique of capitalism.
  • According to Marx, society is divided into two primary classes: the bourgeoisie (owners of production) and the proletariat (working class).
  • He argued that the conflict between these classes arises from the exploitation of the working class by the bourgeoisie to maximize profits.
  • This fundamental conflict, according to Marx, drives social change and is the basis of his theory of historical materialism.

Additional Information

• Key Concepts of Marxism
  • Historical Materialism: Marx believed that material conditions and economic factors are the primary drivers of historical development and societal structure.
  • Alienation: Workers under capitalism are alienated from the products of their labor, their own human potential, and other workers.
  • Surplus Value: The value produced by workers in excess of what is paid to them as wages is appropriated by capitalists as profit, leading to exploitation.
• Other Sociologists and Their Views on Conflict:
  • Ralf Dahrendorf: Focused on the role of authority and power in creating conflict within society, rather than purely economic factors.
  • Lewis Coser: Emphasized the functional aspects of conflict and its role in maintaining social stability and adaptability.
  • Randall Collins: Advocated for the micro-level study of conflict, analyzing interactions and resources in everyday life.