The given molecular orbital configuration of diatomic molecule

(2sσ_g)² (2sσ_u)² (2pσ_g)² (2pπ_u)⁴ stands for 

CONCEPT:

Molecular Orbital Theory for Diatomic Molecules

• Molecular orbital (MO) theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in terms of molecular orbitals that can extend over the entire molecule.
• In diatomic molecules, the combination of atomic orbitals from two atoms results in the formation of bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals.
• The given molecular orbital configuration represents the arrangement of electrons in these molecular orbitals.
• The specific configuration  \((2s\sigma_g)^2 (2s\sigma_u)^2 (2p\sigma_g)^2 (2p\pi_u)^4\) needs to be matched with a known diatomic molecule.

Explanation:-

• Total electrons in the configuration:
  • (2s\sigma_g)² : 2 electrons
  • (2s\sigma_u)² : 2 electrons
  • (2p\sigma_g)² : 2 electrons
  • (2p\pi_u)⁴ : 4 electrons
• Total number of electrons: 2 + 2 + 2 + 4 = 10
• The molecule with 10 valence electrons that matches this configuration is O₂ .

The given molecular orbital configuration of the diatomic molecule

\((2s\sigma_g)^2 (2s\sigma_u)^2 (2p\sigma_g)^2 (2p\pi_u)^4 \)stands for O₂