Industrial Value MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Industrial Value - Download Free PDF

Concept:

• SILK: It is a type of natural fibre or animal fibre. silkworm is responsible for spinning of silk and it is reared to obtain silk.
• Silk fibre is primarily made up of protein.

History of Silk:

• Silk was discovered around 3500 BC in China. It was shipped to other parts of the world through trade.
• Mulberry silk is the most common silk moth that is used for producing silk. 
• Rearing of the silkworm is known as sericulture.

Life Cycle of Silkworm: 

• Stage 1:The cycle starts when female silk moth lays eggs.
• Stage 2: The caterpillar of larvae is hatched from the eggs of the silkmoth and they feed on mulberry leaves and consume a large amount of these leaves for around 30 days.
• Stage 3::The silkworm spin a protective cocoon around itself.it is the size of a small cotton ball and is made of a single thread of silk.
• Stage 4: Then Pupa changes into an adult moth. The female moth lays eggs after mating and thus the life cycle of silkworm begins again.
• Eggs → Caterpillar → Cocoon → Butterfly

Explanation:

Silk fibres are proteins secreted by caterpillars → Correct.

The silk yam is obtained from the cocoon of the silk moth → Correct.

The larvae of silk moths are called as caterpillars → Correct.

The pupa develops into caterpillar → Incorrect.

The Correct answer is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Key Points

• Saccharomyces cerevisiae is commonly known as baker's yeast.
• It is widely used in fermentation processes, such as baking and brewing.
• This yeast is a type of unicellular fungus and plays a critical role in producing carbon dioxide and ethanol.
• In baking, the carbon dioxide produced during fermentation causes the dough to rise and become fluffy.
• In brewing, it is used to ferment sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide, essential for producing beer and other alcoholic beverages.
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae is also extensively used as a model organism in genetic and molecular biology research because of its simple genome and ease of cultivation.
• It has been used by humans for thousands of years, making it one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms.

 Additional Information

• Lactobacillus acidophilus
  • Lactobacillus acidophilus is a type of probiotic bacteria found in the human digestive system and certain fermented foods like yogurt.
  • It is known for its role in promoting gut health and maintaining a balanced microbiome.
  • This bacterium helps in the fermentation of lactose into lactic acid.
• Escherichia coli
  • Escherichia coli, commonly known as E. coli, is a bacterium that resides in the intestines of warm-blooded organisms.
  • While most strains are harmless, certain strains can cause foodborne illnesses.
  • E. coli is also widely used in biotechnology and genetic engineering for research purposes.
• Bacillus subtilis
  • Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in soil and vegetation.
  • It is known for its ability to form endospores, which help it survive under harsh environmental conditions.
  • This bacterium is also used in industrial applications, such as enzyme production and as a probiotic supplement.

The correct answer is Dharmapuri.

Key Points

• Dharmapuri
  • Dharmapuri is primarily an agricultural district known for its horticultural products, particularly mangoes.
  • The town is not traditionally associated with the leather industry.
  • It focuses more on farming, with a significant emphasis on crops like millets, pulses, and oilseeds.
  • Dharmapuri does not have a notable presence of leather tanning or manufacturing units.
  • The district's economic activities revolve around agriculture and related industries rather than leather.

Additional Information

• Ranipet
  • Ranipet is one of the major industrial towns in Tamil Nadu, known for its significant leather industry.
  • It is part of the Vellore district and has a rich history of leather production and tanning.
  • Ranipet houses numerous leather tanning and manufacturing units that supply leather goods domestically and internationally.
  • The industry here focuses on producing finished leather, shoes, and various leather accessories.
  • Ranipet contributes substantially to Tamil Nadu's economy through its robust leather sector.
• Vaniambadi
  • Vaniambadi is renowned for its leather industry, similar to Ranipet and Ambur.
  • Located in the Tirupattur district, it is a key center for leather tanning and garment production.
  • Vaniambadi is famous for producing high-quality leather goods, including footwear and garments.
  • The leather industry here plays a vital role in providing employment and supporting the local economy.
  • The town hosts several leather factories that cater to both domestic and international markets.
• Ambur
  • Ambur is another major hub for the leather industry in Tamil Nadu.
  • Situated in the Tirupattur district, Ambur is well-known for its leather shoe manufacturing.
  • It is home to numerous tanneries and leather goods factories that export products around the globe.
  • The leather industry in Ambur is a significant source of income and employment for the local population.
  • The town has a well-established network of small and large leather enterprises.

The correct answer is Black

Explanation:

• Black Soil: This soil, also known as Regur soil, is ideal for cotton production due to its moisture-retentive properties and high fertility. Black soil is rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime, which are essential nutrients for cotton.
• Red Soil: While red soil can be used for a variety of crops, it is not as suitable for cotton as black soil. Red soil is generally less fertile and lacks the moisture-retaining capability necessary for cotton cultivation.
• Alluvial Soil: Alluvial soils are highly fertile and support a wide range of crops, but they are not as conducive for cotton as black soil. Alluvial soils are typically found in river basins and are more suited for crops like rice, wheat, and sugarcane.
• Desert Soil: This soil is sandy and lacks the essential nutrients and moisture required for cotton production. Desert soil is not suitable for most types of agriculture due to its arid conditions.

The correct answer is Black

Explanation:

• Black Soil: This soil, also known as Regur soil, is ideal for cotton production due to its moisture-retentive properties and high fertility. Black soil is rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime, which are essential nutrients for cotton.
• Red Soil: While red soil can be used for a variety of crops, it is not as suitable for cotton as black soil. Red soil is generally less fertile and lacks the moisture-retaining capability necessary for cotton cultivation.
• Alluvial Soil: Alluvial soils are highly fertile and support a wide range of crops, but they are not as conducive for cotton as black soil. Alluvial soils are typically found in river basins and are more suited for crops like rice, wheat, and sugarcane.
• Desert Soil: This soil is sandy and lacks the essential nutrients and moisture required for cotton production. Desert soil is not suitable for most types of agriculture due to its arid conditions.

The correct answer is Pinus Plant.

Key Points

• About Pinus Plant:
  • The Pinus plant is known as the "Pine tree" in the regular term. Turpentine oil is obtained from the Pinus plant or Pine tree.
  • There is a resin which is produced by this plant called Pine Resin. The oil is present in this resin
  • The Resin of the Pinus plant is used for Distillation in the further process to obtain the Turpentine oil. This oil is a very Volatile form of oil that is used for polishing and shining furniture. Turpentine oil is also used for Thinning Paint materials.
  • This tree is mainly found in the Himalayan region of India and it is used for many other purposes like Making Ornaments, Lumber and construction, food and nutrients, wildlife, etc.

The correct answer is olericulture.

Key Points

• Olericulture is the branch of horticulture that deals with the production, processing, and marketing of vegetables.
• It is the production of plants for the use of their edible parts.
• Vegetable crops are classified into nine categories.
• It also includes organic gardening and organic farming and biotechnology.

Additional Information

• Pomology:
  • It is the branch of horticulture that deals with the study of fruits and its cultivation.
• Apiculture:
  • The production of honey from bees is also called beekeeping.
• Agronomy:
  • It is a branch of agricultural science that deals with the study of crops and the soils in which they grow.
  • Agronomists work to develop methods that will improve the use of soil and increase the production of food and fibre crops.
  • Agronomy consists of two Greek words i.e. Agros =field, Nomos = to manage.
  • It is mainly based on the following basic principles:
    • Agrometeorology.
    • Soils and Tillage.
    • Soil and Water Conservation.
    • Irrigation Water Management, etc.
    • It has three distinct branches.
    • Crop Science (mainly field crops).
    • Soil science.
    • Environmental Science (that deals with applied aspects).

The correct answer is Fenugreek.

Key Points

About Fenugreek:

• It is an annual plant that belongs to the family of Fabaceae, with leaves consisting of three (3) small obovate to Oblong Leaflets.
• (Trigonella Foenum Graecum) is the Biological name of Fenugreek. It is cultivated worldwide as a Semiarid Crop. Its Leaves and Seeds are common ingredients used in many of the dishes from the (Indian subcontinent).
• Fenugreek used in traditional medicine, it can increase the risk for serious medical side effects, though its Culinary use in smaller quantities and usually believed to be safe for further use.
• India is a major producer, of Fenugreek its production derived from numerous states of India. Rajasthan has produced the top-most production of Fenugreek for over 80% of India's output.
• Fenugreek is Cuboid in shaped, Yellow to Amber Colored Seeds are frequently encountered in the cuisines of the Indian subcontinent.
• It is used both Whole and Powdered form in the preparation of Pickles(Aachar), Dal, Vegetable Dishes, and spice mixes such as generally known as Panch Phoron and Sambar powder. They are often roasted to reduce Inherent Bitterness and to enhance the flavor of dishes.

Image of the Fenugreek seeds:

The correct answer is Silk farming.

Key Points

• Sericulture is the production of raw silk by means of raising caterpillars (larvae).
• Bombyx mori is the most widely used and intensively studied silkworm for Silk farming.
• China and India are the leading producers of silk with more than 60% of the world's annual production.
• Silk is a fiber made up of proteins namely sericin and fibroin.

Additional Information

• Pisciculture is the scientific rearing and management of all fish farming.
• Apiculture is the scientific rearing of honey bees for the commercial production of honey and other bee products.
• Horticulture is related to fruit production
• Sylviculture is related to the cultivation of fodder crops
• Olericulture is related to the cultivation of vegetables.

The correct answer is Saccharum Officinarum.

About Saccharum Officinarum:

•  Sugarcane is a Large and Strong Growing Species of Grass in the Genus Saccharum. Saccharum Officinarum is the Biological name of Sugarcane and originated in New Guinea(Melanesia), Its Stout Stalks are rich in Sucrose (a simple sugar which accumulates in the Stalk Internodes). 
• It originated in Southeast Asia and is now cultivated in Tropical and Subtropical countries worldwide for the Production of Sugar and other sugary products. 
• Saccharum officinarum is one of the most Intensely and Productive kinds of Sugarcane. It can interbreed with other Sugarcane Species, such as Saccharum Barberi and Saccharum Sinense.
•  The Extraction of Sugarcane juice and Boiling to concentrate it was Probably First done in India more than 2000 years ago.
• In India, Uttar Pradesh has the largest area of sugarcane farming area in the country almost 50 percent used for sugarcane farming land in the state.

Images of the Sugarcane plant:

Notes:

• Cuba was previously known as the ''Sugarbowl of the world". The capital of Cuba is Havana. Now, Brazil is called The Sugarbowl of the world

The correct answer is a and c.

Key Points

• Spirulina 
  • Spirulina is a unicellular Blue-Green Algae.
  • It is an edible Blue Green Algae because it has large amount of proteins present.
  • It can be grown artificially in water tanks.
  • It is fodder for cattle.
• Chlorella
  • Chlorella (green algae) is known as the Space algae and is used in space research.
  • It serves as a good source of food for humans in space as it contains a high level of iron, vitamins and amino acids.
  • It grows easily in the presence of sunlight, minerals and water and using hydroponics.

Additional Information

• Spirogyra
  • Spirogyra is a kind of Algae.
  • It is a large genus (about 400 species) of freshwater green algae found in shallow ponds, ditches and amongst the vegetation of large lakes.
  • It does not form any gametes and reproduction takes place entirely within the algae.
  • It often grows in short-lived ponds that build up during wet weather and dry up subsequently.
• Funaria
  • Funaria belongs to the group Bryophyta. 
  • They don't have a vascular system.
  • Funaria fertilisation is dependent on water for the transfer of sperm to the egg.
  • The main plant body is a gametophyte which is independent and the sporophyte is partially or fully dependent on gametophytic generation.
  • Funaria is a type of Moss commonly called Rope moss or Cord moss.

The correct answer is Tea.

• ‘Oolong’ is a variant of Tea.

Important Points

• Oolong is a traditional Chinese tea.
  • It is made from the leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant.
  • Note: The same plant is used to make Green tea and Black tea.
  • The process of oxidation is what creates green, dark, and oolong tea.
  • Oolong is created when leaves are wilted in the sun and slightly bruised to create partial oxidation.

The correct answer is Phenols and Flavonoids.

• Tulsi plant has medicinal values due to the presence of the following Phenols and Flavonoids.

Key Points

• The scientific name of Tulsi is Ocimum sanctum.
• It belongs to the family of Lamiaceae. 
• Due to the presence of compounds like camphene, eugenol, and cineole, tulsi cures viral, bacterial, and fungal infections of the respiratory system.
• It can cure various respiratory disorders like bronchitis & tuberculosis.
• Tulsi's active ingredients show anti-inflammatory properties and also play a role in the modulation of both cellular and humoral immunity.

Key Points

• Cinchona is a flowering plant of the family Rubiaceae.
• It is native to the Andes of South America.
• The bark is used for medicinal purposes.
• The bark is dried to obtain alkaloids like quinine.
• The features of Cinchona bark are:
  • Colour - Yellowish to brownish.
  • Odour - Slight and distinctive.
  • Taste - Highly bitter and astringent.
  • Major Constituents - Quinine, Hydroquinine, Cinchonine.
  • Pharmacological Properties - Antimalarial, antipyretic, stomachic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antioxidant, anti-cancer.
  • Uses - Quinine is used in treatment of malaria, increasing appetite,  Quinidine is used to prevent arhythmias.

Additional Information

• Root of Rauvolfia - It contains 'reserpine' which is an anti-psychotic and anti-hypertensive drug used to treat hypertension.
• Seeds of Ricinus communis - These are castor beans that yield castor oil, but is also the source of a toxin called 'ricin' which is released when chewed and swallowed.
• Atropa belladona - It is a medicinal herb that yields 'atropine', which can be toxic as well as hallucinogenic.

Option 2 is the correct answer: Chloramphenicol is the antibiotic, containing chlorine which is produced by soil containing microorganisms and is effective for the treatment of typhoid fever.

• Chloramphenicol is naturally occurring antibiotics which can be produced synthetically also.
• It is extracted from a soil-dwelling bacteria Streptomyces Venezuela.
• It inhibits the growth of bacteria by either killing them or by preventing them from multiplication.
• It blocks the production of the important protein by preventing the peptide bond formation which is crucial to the survival of bacteria.
• It is used to treat the disease caused by Staphylococcus, streptococcus, E. coli and Salmonella typhi.
• Chloroquine is a medicine used to treat Malaria.

Typhoid:

• It is caused by a bacteria called Salmonella Typhi.
• It mainly affects the gastrointestinal tract of human beings.
• High fever, headache, muscle fatigue and gastrointestinal disorder are the main symptoms.