Plant Kingdom MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Plant Kingdom - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Tomato.

Concept:

• Photosynthetic pigments are found in the thylakoid membranes. 
• Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenes, and xanthophylls are photosynthetic pigments found in higher plants. 
• Plant pigments are coloured substances produced by plants that are essential for photosynthesis growth, regulation, and development.

Explanation:

• Lycopene is a carotenoid pigment that is commonly found in red or pink fruits or vegetables. 
• It gives these foods their characteristic color and is also known for its potential health benefits as an antioxidant. 
• It is also used as a supplement that may have protective effects against prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease.
• Some examples of fruits and vegetables that are rich in lycopene include:
  • Tomatoes
  • Watermelon
  • Red carrots
  • Papaya
  • Pink guava

Thus, Lycopene pigment is found in tomato.

Based on whether plants have a well-differentiated body and the presence or absence of specialized tissues for transport, and the ability to bear seeds Kingdom Plantae (Plant Kingdom) is can be classified into 5 different groups.

• Thallophyta
  • The plant body is not differentiated from roots, stems, and leaves.
  • They are commonly called algae.
• Bryophyta
  • These are small terrestrial plants.
  • They show differentiation in the body design, with stem, leaf-like structures, and root-like structures.
• Pteridophyta
  • The plant body is differentiated into roots, stems, and leaves, apart from having a specialized tissue for conduction.
• Gymnosperms
  • Gymnosperms are plants with naked seeds.
• Angiosperms
  • Angiosperms are seed-bearing plants. Seeds develop inside tissues that get modified to form the fruit of the plant. 

Hence, we can conclude that plants are divided into 5 groups.

The correct answer is Chlamydomonas.

• Chlamydomonas is found in stagnant water and on damp soil as well as freshwater, seawater, and even in snow.
• About Chlamydomonas-
  • Class: Chlorophyceae
  • Order: Chlamydomonadales
  • Scientific name: Chlamydomonas
  • Phylum: Chlorophyta
  • Higher classification: Chlamydomonadaceae

The correct answer is Parasite.

Important Points

• Cuscuta is a parasitic plant.
• Since Cuscuta does not have chlorophyll, it cannot synthesize its own food by photosynthesis.
• It uses the nutrients of host plants for its growth.
• Other parasitic plants are - Rafflesia, Viscum, Nuytsia floribunda.
• Parasitic plants cause damage to the host plant.

The correct answer cytokinin.

Key Points

• Cytokinin:
  • Cytokinin is a category of plant growth substances that promote cell division, organ formation, delays senescence, promotes lateral bud development, enhances cell expansion in cotyledon leaves, promote chloroplast development.
  • These hormones are responsible for cell proliferation and differentiation, but also affect apical dominance, axillary bud growth, and leaf senescence.
  • The chemical name of cytokinin is zeatin purine.
  • Cytokinin is produced in the root apical meristems and travels upward with water and travels up the stem through the xylem.
  • Cytokinin is the hormone that is vital for cell proliferation and differentiation.​ 

Additional Information

• Estrogen
  • Estrogen is the female sex hormone produced in the adrenal glands, ovaries, and fatty tissue, which is mainly responsible for the development of breasts in puberty and the growth of the uterus lining during the menstrual cycle.
  • In females, the estrogen hormone prepares the uterus and other reproductive organs for pregnancy.
  • It also regulates the menstrual cycle, growth of pubic and underarm hair and also maintains bone strength by collaborating with calcium, vitamin D, and other essential vitamin and minerals.
• Insulin:
  • Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreatic islets.
  • It is considered to be the primary anabolic hormone present inside our body.
  • It maintains the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and protein by promoting the absorption of glucose from the blood into the liver, fat and skeletal muscle cells.
  • In these tissues, the absorbed glucose is changed into either glycogen via glycogenesis or fats (triglycerides) via lipogenesis, or, in the case of the liver, into both.
• Thyroxin
  • It is one of the two major hormones secreted by the thyroid gland.
  • Its principal function is to stimulate the consumption of oxygen and thus the metabolism of all cells and tissues in the body.
  • Thyroxine is formed by the molecular addition of iodine to the amino acid tyrosine while the latter is bound to the protein thyroglobulin.
  • Excessive secretion of thyroxine in the body is known as hyperthyroidism, and the deficient secretion of it is called hypothyroidism.

The correct answer is Parasite.

Important Points

• Cuscuta is a parasitic plant.
• Since Cuscuta does not have chlorophyll, it cannot synthesize its own food by photosynthesis.
• It uses the nutrients of host plants for its growth.
• Other parasitic plants are - Rafflesia, Viscum, Nuytsia floribunda.
• Parasitic plants cause damage to the host plant.

The correct answer is Chlamydomonas.

• Chlamydomonas is found in stagnant water and on damp soil as well as freshwater, seawater, and even in snow.
• About Chlamydomonas-
  • Class: Chlorophyceae
  • Order: Chlamydomonadales
  • Scientific name: Chlamydomonas
  • Phylum: Chlorophyta
  • Higher classification: Chlamydomonadaceae

Based on whether plants have a well-differentiated body and the presence or absence of specialized tissues for transport, and the ability to bear seeds Kingdom Plantae (Plant Kingdom) is can be classified into 5 different groups.

• Thallophyta
  • The plant body is not differentiated from roots, stems, and leaves.
  • They are commonly called algae.
• Bryophyta
  • These are small terrestrial plants.
  • They show differentiation in the body design, with stem, leaf-like structures, and root-like structures.
• Pteridophyta
  • The plant body is differentiated into roots, stems, and leaves, apart from having a specialized tissue for conduction.
• Gymnosperms
  • Gymnosperms are plants with naked seeds.
• Angiosperms
  • Angiosperms are seed-bearing plants. Seeds develop inside tissues that get modified to form the fruit of the plant. 

Hence, we can conclude that plants are divided into 5 groups.

The correct answer is The stamen and pistil.

Key Points

• The stamen and pistil are the essential organs in a flower for reproduction.
• The male reproductive organ of the flower is the stamen, while the pistil is the female reproductive organ.
• Sepals are found below the petals of a flower.
• Petals are the colored part of the flowers.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Sepal.

• The sepal is not a reproductive organ of a flower.
• The sepal is an accessory part of the flower.
• The stamen is the male reproductive part.
• The stamen consist of anther and filament.
• The pistil is the female reproductive part.

The correct answer is water bodies.

Important Points

• Red algae are found in tide pools and coral reefs.
• Red algae provide food for aquatic animals.

Key Points

• Red algae are named red because of their red colour which they obtain from the pigment Phycoerythrin.
• The scientific name of Red Algae is Rhodophyta.
• Examples of Red algae- 
  • Irish moss
  • Dulse
  • Laver
  • Coralline algae

Additional Information

• The Red algae are different from other algae because red algae lack flagella, the whip-like structures that help in locomotion and perform sensory functions.
• Uses of Red algae 
  • They are used as food sources.
  • They are used as the source of dietary fibre.
  • They are used in nourishing skin and boosting the immune system.

The correct answer is Garlic.

Key Points

• Monocot plants are flowering plants (angiosperms) that have fibrous roots and are recognized by the single cotyledon, or seed leaf, within the seed.
• Cotyledons refer to the first leaf that emerges when a seed germinates.
• They help in providing the nutrition that is required by the germinating seed.
• They have seeds that are protected by ovary or fruit and Monocot seeds cannot be split into two, example: wheat, corn, rice, etc.
• Garlic is a Monocot plant as it also has a single leaf when it begins to sprout.
• In monocots, the single shield-like cotyledon is also known as scutellum.

Additional Information

• On the other hand, Dicots are plants that have two leaves when they begin to sprout.
• Carrot, Daisy and Rose are all dicotyledonous plants.
• The seedlings of these plants contain two cotyledons.

• Fibrous roots are not the characteristic feature of dicotyledonous plants.
• Dicotyledonous plants are also called knowns are dicot and they are angiosperms (Flowering plants)
• Its roots develop from the radicle and the seed has two cotyledons or embryonic leaves.
• Their leaves have reticulate venation and have a pentamerous and tetramerous flower.

Examples: mustard, bitter gourd, watermelon, brinjal, apple, mango, tamarind etc.

Important Points 

•  Basic differences between monocot and dicot plants are:

Additional Information 

• Leaf venation is the design made by veins in a leaf
• If the designs made by the veins of a leaf are parallel to each other, then that is known as parallel venation. For example, maize, grass, wheat, etc.
• Reticulate Venation is the kind of venation design that is net-like on both sides of the mid-rib. For example, rose, coriander, oak, etc.

The correct answer is Bryophytes.

Explanation:

• Bryophytes include the various mosses and liverworts.
• These are non-vascular embryophytes, characterized by the presence of an independent gametophyte and parasitic sporophyte.
• Bryophytes commonly grow in moist, shaded areas in hills.
• These are called amphibians of the plant Kingdom because, these can live in soil, but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction.
• However, their sperms, known as antherozoids, are flagellate and require water to swim and reach the eggs in order to fertilize them. As a result, they require water for sexual reproduction.
• The plant body of bryophytes is more differentiated than that of algae.
• Ecological importance:
  • Some mosses provide food for herbaceous mammals, birds, and other animals.
  • Mosses along with lichens are the first organisms to colonize rocks. Hence, these help in biological succession.
  • Mosses form dense mats on the soil.
  • Marchantia has medicinal properties to cure lungs and liver infections. It also has anti-tumor properties.

Additional Information

• Thallophytes:
  • Thallophytes, also known as algae, are a primary division of the plant kingdom.
  • They lack stems, roots, leaves, and other vascular plant parts.
• Pteridophytes:
  • Pteridophytes are primitive seedless vascular plants also called cryptogams.
  • The pteridophytes are found in cool, damp shady places through some may flourish well in sandy-soil conditions.
• Gymnosperms:
  • Gymnosperms are plants in which the ovules are not enclosed by any ovary wall and remain exposed, both before and after fertilization.
  • These plants are mostly found in colder parts of the northern hemisphere, where they form extensive forests.
  • These are small groups of seed plants.

The correct answer is Papaya.

Key Points

• Papaya is a unisexual flower.
• Papaya flowers are called unisexual because the flowers only contain one of the two reproductive parts of the plant and never both.
• Therefore, the flowers of papaya either consist of the male reproductive part, the stamens, or the female reproductive part, the carpels.

Additional Information

• A flower that contains both male and female reproductive organs is called a bisexual flower.
• The male reproductive organ is called the androecium and the female reproductive organ is called the gynoecium.
• Example: Mustard,Hibiscus,Sunflower.