A process, in which two surfaces are rubbed together with an abrasive between them, by hand movement or using a machine is called _____.

Explanation:

Lapping Process:

In the lapping process, small amounts of material are removed by rubbing the work against a lap charged with a lapping compound.

• The lapping compound is introduced between the work-piece and the lap chips away from the material from the work-piece.
• Light pressure is applied when both are moved against each other.
• The lapping can be carried out manually or by machine.

Purpose of the lapping process

• It is an abrading process for refining surface finish and the geometrical accuracy of flat cylindrical and spherical surfaces
• It is a process or removing surface roughness, tool marks, surface cracks from grinding, slight distortions and other minor – defects from previous operations
• Lapping produces geometrically true surfaces, corrects minor surface imperfections, improves dimensional accuracy and provides a very close fit between two contact surfaces
• Since very thin layers of metal (0.005 to 0.01 mm) are removed in lapping, it is, therefore, unable to correct substantial errors

Honing:

• Honing is an abrading process mostly used for polishing bored and reamed holes and external cylindrical surfaces using bonded abrasive stones (called hones).
• Honing is, in fact, a cutting operation and is used to remove material less than 0.25 mm but sometimes it is used to remove stock up to 3 mm also.
• The honing is mainly used to correct some out of roundness, taper, and tool marks left by previous operation or axial distortions.
• Honing is done by means of bonded abrasive grit sticks (of aluminium oxide or silicon carbide) applied to the surface to be honed under controlled pressure and with a combination of rotary and reciprocating motions of abrasives.