For linear (least distortion) amplification purpose, cut off for the common emitter configuration will be defined by: 

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  1. I= α I
  2. I= IE
  3. I= IB
  4. I= ICEO

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Option 4 : I= ICEO
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Bipolar Junction Transistor

F1 Madhuri Engineering 10.02.2023 D3

A BJT is a current-controlled device in which current flows due to both majority and minority charge carriers.

A BJT works mainly in two regions, i.e. active (amplification) and cut-off (open switch).

In the active region, \(I_E=I_C+I_B\) 

Here, the collector current is due to both majority and minority charge carriers and it flows from collector to emitter.

In the cut-off region, IB = 0, and then a very small leakage current flows from the collector to the emitter ( ICEO). This current is only due to minority charge carriers.

∴ The collector current in cut-off is:

I= ICEO

where ICEO = Minority current flowing from collector to emitter with the base open-circuited

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