Which of the following monoclonal antibody is fully human in origin?

Question

Question

This question was previously asked in

ISRO Pharmacist Previous Year Question paper 2021

Answer 1

Correct Answer: Adalimumab

Rationale:

Monoclonal antibodies are antibodies that are made by identical immune cells, all of which are clones of a unique parent cell. They are used to target specific cells in the body.
Adalimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody, meaning it is derived entirely from human sources, which reduces the risk of immunogenicity (the ability to provoke an immune response) compared to those derived from non-human sources.
Adalimumab works by targeting and neutralizing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in systemic inflammation and various autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and Crohn's disease.

Explanation of Other Options:

Daclizumab

Rationale: Daclizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody. This means that while it is primarily derived from human sources, it contains some non-human (typically mouse) components. It is used to treat conditions such as multiple sclerosis by targeting the IL-2 receptor on T cells.

Infliximab

Rationale: Infliximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody, meaning it is composed of both human and mouse antibody components. It also targets TNF-α and is used to treat autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease, but its non-human components can lead to higher immunogenicity.

Edrecolomab

Rationale: Edrecolomab is a murine (mouse-derived) monoclonal antibody. It targets the EpCAM antigen on epithelial cells and has been used in the treatment of some types of cancer, such as colorectal cancer. Its murine origin can result in a high risk of immune reactions.

Conclusion:

Among the given options, Adalimumab is the only fully human monoclonal antibody, which makes it the correct answer. Its fully human origin helps to minimize the risk of immunogenicity, making it a preferable option for long-term treatment of autoimmune diseases.