Question
Download Solution PDFWhich school was founded by Freud?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFWhen psychology was first established as a science separate from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt.
Key Points
- Sigmund Freud was the founder of the psychoanalysis approach.
- This school of thought emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior.
- Freud believed that the human mind was composed of three elements: the id, the ego, and the superego.
- The id consists of primal urges while the ego is the component of personality charged with dealing with reality.
- The superego is the part of the personality that holds all of the ideals and values we internalize from our parents and culture.
- Freud believed that the interaction of these three elements was what led to all of the complex human behaviors.
Thus, it is concluded that the Psychoanalysis school was founded by Freud.
Additional InformationThe following are some of the major schools of thought that have influenced our knowledge and understanding of psychology: -
- Structuralism:- Structuralism was the first school of psychology and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Major structuralist thinkers include Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener.
- Functionalism:- Functionalism formed as a reaction to the theories of the structuralist school of thought and was heavily influenced by the work of William James. Major functionalist thinkers included John Dewey and Harvey Carr.
- Behaviorism:- Based upon the work of thinkers such as John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner, behaviorism holds that all behavior can be explained by environmental causes, rather than by internal forces
- Gestalt Psychology:- Gestalt psychology is based upon the idea that we experience things as unified wholes.
- Cognitive Psychology.:- Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that studies mental processes including how people think, perceive, remember, and learn.
- Humanism:- Humanistic psychology developed as a response to psychoanalysis and behaviorism. Humanistic psychology instead focused on individual free will, personal growth, and selfactualization.
Last updated on Jun 6, 2025
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