What is the average annual rainfall in India, as per the India Meteorological Department, 2021?

The correct answer is 119 cm.

Key Points

• According to the India Meteorological Department, the average annual rainfall in India for the year 2021 was 119 cm.
• This average is based on data collected from rain gauges across the country.
• India receives most of its rainfall during the monsoon season, which typically spans from June to September.
• The monsoon is a critical period for agriculture, as it contributes to a significant portion of the total annual rainfall.
• Regions such as the Western Ghats and the northeastern states receive higher rainfall compared to the northwestern regions.

Additional Information

• Monsoon Seasons:
  • The Indian monsoon is divided into two main seasons: the southwest monsoon and the northeast monsoon.
  • The southwest monsoon is the principal rainy season, bringing about 70-90% of the country's total rainfall.
  • The northeast monsoon, also known as the retreating monsoon, primarily affects the southern peninsular region.
• Climate Zones in India:
  • India has diverse climate zones ranging from arid in the northwest to tropical in the south.
  • Climatic variations significantly influence the distribution and intensity of rainfall across different regions.
• Importance of Rainfall:
  • Rainfall is crucial for agriculture, which is the livelihood for a significant portion of India's population.
  • It also replenishes water sources such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater reserves.
• Rainfall Measurement:
  • Rainfall is measured using instruments like rain gauges, which collect and record the amount of precipitation over a set period.
  • Data from rain gauges are used to monitor and analyze weather patterns and forecast future rainfall.