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Mysore Paintings - History, Characteristics, Salient Features, Making Process, Major Artists And More

Last Updated on Sep 28, 2023
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Mysore paintings are a classical South Indian painting style that originated in and around Mysore in Karnataka. The paintings are characterized by their delicate lines and intricate brush strokes. It includes the graceful delineation of figures and the discreet use of bright vegetable colors and lustrous gold leaf. The paintings are designed to inspire feelings of devotion and humility in the viewer. The painter's individual skill in giving expression to various emotions is of paramount importance to this style of painting. 

Mysore Style Painting is one of the essential topics for UPSC IAS Aspirants. It is a subpart of Art and Culture. It will be helpful for UPSC Aspirants. In this article, we shall study in detail about history, characteristics, salient features and making of Mysore Painting.

What are Mysore Paintings?

Mysore style Paintings are a traditional South Indian art form. They originated in the city of Mysore in Karnataka, India. These paintings typically depict mythological and religious themes. Mysore Paintings are known for their intricate details and vibrant colors. Gold leaf and precious stones are often used to embellish these artworks. Artists employ a meticulous process, with fine brushwork and precision. These paintings have a rich cultural and historical significance in South India. Mysore Paintings continue to be cherished as valuable pieces of art and cultural heritage.

History of Mysore Paintings

  • Mysore painting is a type of classical South Indian painting that originated in the city of Mysore in the Indian state of Karnataka.
  • This kind of painting became a hallmark of aristocracy in the late 13th century. From the days of the Vijayanagar Empire, a separate style of Mysore art arose (1336-1565 AD).
  • The ancient Vijayanagar School of Painting gradually evolved into the different styles of painting in South India, notably the Mysore and Tanjore schools of painting, by absorbing local artistic traditions and customs.

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Characteristics of Mysore Paintings

Here are the characteristics of Mysore paintings:

  • Mysore traditional paintings are characterized by their delicate lines. The lines are often thin and graceful. They are used to create a sense of movement and rhythm in the paintings.
  • Mysore paintings also feature intricate brushstrokes. The brushstrokes are often small and precise. They are used to create a sense of detail and depth in the paintings.
  • Mysore traditional paintings use bright colors to create a sense of vibrancy and energy. The colors are often used in a complementary way. They are used to create a sense of harmony in the paintings.
  • The colors used are derived from natural sources, such as vegetables and flowers. This gives the paintings a unique and vibrant color palette.
  • Mysore paintings often feature lustrous gold leaf. The gold leaf is used to highlight certain elements in the paintings, such as the figures or the borders.
  • These paintings are often based on religious themes. The paintings depict scenes from Hindu mythology and epics, such as the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.
  • The paintings also depict courtly scenes. These scenes depict the lives of the royal families and their courtiers.
  • They also depict landscapes. These landscapes depict the natural beauty of Karnataka, such as the hills, the rivers, and the forests.
  • They also depict portraits. These portraits depict the royal families, the courtiers, and other important figures.

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Materials Used in Mysore Paintings

In ancient Mysore, artists crafted their own materials for painting. They sourced colors from natural elements, like leaves, stones, and flowers, primarily of vegetable or mineral origin. Brushes were meticulously fashioned using squirrel hairs for intricate details, while ultra-fine lines demanded brushes made from pointed blades of a unique grass variety. Thanks to the enduring properties of these natural colors, Mysore traditional paintings from the past maintain their vibrancy and sheen to this day. 

Salient Features of Mysore Paintings
  • Mysore Art is a type of South Indian traditional painting.
  • This painting was created in the city of Mysore, Karnataka, during the rule of the Wodeyar Dynasty.
  • The Mysore school of painting reached its pinnacle under the patronage of the Wadiyar Dynasty.
  • It looks a lot like the Tanjore Paintings. Thinner gold leaves are also used in Mysore Paintings
  • Mysore, Narasipura, Nanjangud Bangalore, Tumkur, and Shravanabelagola are also home to the Mysore School of Painting.

Also, check the Related Art & Culture articles for UPSC Preparation in the table below:

Mughal Paintings

Rajput Painting

Tanjore Painting

Pithora Painting

Pahari Painting

Deccan School Of Paintings

Making of Mysore Traditional Paintings

  • The method of creating a Mysore painting entails numerous processes.
  • The artist must first produce a basic sketch of the image on the basis, which consists of cartridge paper put to a wooden base.
  • After that, they make a gesso paste, which is a mixture of zinc oxide and Arabic gum.
  • This paste is applied to the sections of the painting that require elaboration and left to dry to provide a slightly elevated illusion of carving.
  • The gold foil then adheres to the surface. Water colours are used to finish the rest of the artwork.
  • After the painting has dried completely, it is covered with a thin piece of paper and lightly scraped with a smooth, soft stone.

Traditional Mysore Paintings
  • All of the raw materials used in traditional Mysore paintings were manufactured by the artisans, including the board, brushes, paints, and gold foil.
  • Camel’s hair, squirrels’ hair, goat’s hair, and other materials were used to make the brushes.
  • Instead of poster colours and watercolours, vegetable and mineral colours were used.
  • The sketches were previously created by burning tamarind twigs in an iron tube. However, these sketches are now done with charcoal.
  • Rather than the single cartridge paper foundation used presently, the base consisted of paper, wood, wall, and cloth.
  • Hindu Gods and Goddesses, as well as events from Hindu mythology, are the most common themes in Mysore paintings.
  • The observers were generally impressed by the elegance, beauty, and complexity of Mysore’s Paintings.

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Mysore Painting - Important Artists

Here are some of the most important artists in the Mysore painting tradition:

  • Chetty Krishnappa: He is considered to be the founder of the Mysore painting style. He was a court painter to the Wodeyar rulers of Mysore. He is credited with developing the distinctive features of Mysore painting.
  • Dwarkanath Krishna Rao: He was a student of Chetty Krishnappa. He is considered to be one of the most important painters of the 18th century. He is known for his paintings of Hindu deities and mythological scenes.
  • Ramachandra Bhattacharji: He was a prolific painter who lived in the 19th century. He is known for his paintings of courtly scenes, landscapes, and portraits. He was also a skilled musician and calligrapher.
  • T. N. Krishnaswamy: He was a 2020th-century painter. He is considered to be one of the most important figures in the revival of Mysore painting. 

Read about Painting in Modern India for UPSC!

Difference Between Tanjore Painting and Mysore Painting

The below table explains the differences between Tanjore Painting and Mysore Painting:

Tanjore Painting

Mysore Painting

Painting created on a cloth and hung on a wooden frame

Paintings are made on paper and then placed on wood or canvas.

For the “Gesso Effect,” a raw lime and tamarind seed paste is employed.

The Golden tint is made with white lead paste and Makhi Gaboge (Gesso Effect)

Gesso is used to create great relief.

Gesso is used to create a low relief.

Gold and silver wafers are mixed together.

Only a Gold wafer is used.

For ornamentation, a variety of supporting elements such as pearls, glasses, and amber, are used.

Watercolours are the most commonly used

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Mysore Painting - FAQs

Dashavatara is the Ten Avatars of Vishnu.

Although the Mysore style of painting dates back to the Vijaynagar Empire's glory days, it was under the reign and patronage of the Wodeyars in the 1700s that it achieved its peak.

Tanjore art is known for its rich, flat, and vibrant colours. Tanjore paintings are typically embellished with semi-precious stones to bring out the glow to emphasize ornaments, buildings, and other details.

Mysore paintings are a type of classical South Indian painting that originated in and around the city of Mysore in the Indian state of Karnataka. This kind of painting became a hallmark of nobility in the late 13th century.

The features of Mysore Paintings are as follows:Mysore Art is a type of South Indian traditional painting.This painting was created in the city of Mysore, Karnataka, during the rule of the Wodeyar Dynasty.The Mysore school of painting reached its pinnacle under the patronage of the Wadiyar Dynasty.It looks a lot like the Tanjore Paintings. Thinner gold leaves are also used in Mysore PaintingsMysore, Narasipura, Nanjangud Bangalore, Tumkur, and Shravanabelagola are also home to the Mysore School of Painting

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