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Intensive and Extensive Properties - Definitions, Examples & Differences
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Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
Defining Intensive Property
Intensive property refers to a trait that remains unaffected by the mass or volume of the substance.
Intensive property refers to a trait that remains unaffected by the mass or volume of the substance.
Examples of intensive properties include temperature (T), pressure (P), and density (r).
Examples of Intensive Properties
Intensive properties are those that remain constant irrespective of the quantity or size of the material. Examples could be temperature, density, colour, and boiling points. The density of water remains the same regardless of the volume, which makes it an intensive property.
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Examples of Extensive Properties
Properties such as weight, volume, and length are considered extensive as they are dependent on the size or quantity of the material. For instance, two containers made of the same material but with different capacities will have different quantities of the material, making them extensive properties.
Comparing Intensive and Extensive Properties
| Intensive Vs Extensive Properties | |
|---|---|
| INTENSIVE | EXTENSIVE |
| Doesn't depend on size | Depends on size |
| Remains constant | Varies with size |
| Cannot be calculated | Can be measured |
| Easy to identify | Not easily identifiable |
| Examples: Temperature, density, colour | Examples: Volume, mass, length |
Additional Properties Examples
Thermodynamics is concerned with the flow and transformation of heat energy. The state of matter is determined by certain parameters, which can be classified into state functions and path functions. State functions depend only on the current state, while path functions depend on the path taken to reach the current state. Thermodynamic properties are also classified as intensive and extensive based on their dependency on the size or quantity of matter.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which is the intensive property?
An intensive property is a physical property of a system that does not depend on the system size or the amount of material in the system. According to the definitions, density, pressure and temperature are intensive properties and volume, internal energy are extensive properties.
What is the difference between intensive property and extensive property?
An extensive property is a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample. Mass and volume are examples of extensive properties. An intensive property is a property of matter that depends only on the type of matter in a sample and not on the amount.
Is density a extensive property?
Density is an intensive property because there is a narrow range of densities across the samples. No matter what the initial mass was, densities were essentially the same. … Density is an intensive property of matter that illustrates how much mass a substance has in a given amount of volume.
Is work intensive or extensive?
Work is the product of Force (which is intensive) times distance (which is extensive). There are several distinct forms of ‘energy’ that are treated in thermodynamics. Pressure (an intensive property) times volume (an extensive property) is a form of energy.
Is weight an intensive or extensive property?
Extensive properties vary with the amount of the substance and include mass, weight, and volume. Intensive properties, in contrast, do not depend on the amount of the substance; they include colour, melting point, boiling point, electrical conductivity, and physical state at a given temperature.