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NCRB Report 2021: A Comprehensive Overview
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The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) Report for the year 2021 provides a comprehensive insight into various aspects of crime and incidents in India. This article aims to dissect the key findings and trends presented in the NCRB Report 2021, shedding light on categories such as crime against children, crime against women, suicides, cybercrime, and economic offenses. Let's explore the significant highlights of this report.
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Crime Against Children
The NCRB Report 2021 paints a concerning picture of crime against children in India. The data reveals a significant increase of 16.2% in overall incidents of crime against children compared to the previous year. Specifically, the report highlights that 36.05% of the 1,49,404 cases reported in 2021 fall under the purview of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Act (POCSO).
POCSO Cases by State
The report provides a state-wise breakdown of POCSO cases. Sikkim leads the unfortunate statistics with a rate of 48.6, followed by Kerala (28.1), Meghalaya (27.8), Haryana (24.7), and Mizoram (24.6). Uttar Pradesh recorded the highest number of cases under the POCSO Act in 2021, with 7,129 cases, followed by Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka.
Common Types of Crimes Against Children
Kidnapping and abduction accounted for 45% of the most common types of crimes against children in 2021, closely followed by POCSO cases.
Crime Against Women
The NCRB Report 2021 also reveals a disturbing trend in crimes against women. Incidents of such crimes increased by 15.3% from the previous year. The report highlights that the majority of these cases fall under the category of "Cruelty by a spouse or his relatives" (31.8%), followed by "Assault on women with an aim to outrage her modesty" (20.8%), kidnapping and abduction (17.6%), and rape (7.4%).
States with Highest Crime Rates Against Women
Assam takes the lead in terms of the highest rate of crime against women in 2021, followed by Odisha, Haryana, Telangana, and Rajasthan. Uttar Pradesh reported the highest number of cases in 2021, followed by Rajasthan, Maharashtra, West Bengal, and Odisha.
Alarming Rape Statistics
Rajasthan stands out with the highest rate of rape cases in 2021, recording a staggering 16.4%. In contrast, Nagaland had the lowest recorded offenses against women in the past three years.
Crime Against Women in Union Territories
Among Union Territories, Delhi tops the list with the highest rate of crime against women in 2021, showing an increase over the past three years.
Crime in Major Cities
The NCRB also compiles information on crime against women in major cities with a population of over 2 million. Jaipur has the highest rate, followed by Delhi, Indore, and Lucknow. In contrast, Chennai and Coimbatore, both in Tamil Nadu, recorded the lowest rates.
Suicides in India
The NCRB Report 2021 provides insights into suicides in India, revealing some distressing statistics. One in four of the 1,64,033 suicide victims in 2021 were daily wage earners, as per the report titled "Accidental Deaths and Suicides in India."
Suicide Among Daily Wage Earners
Daily wage workers accounted for the highest number of suicides in 2021, with 42,004 suicides, representing 25.6% of the total cases. This group experienced a significant increase in suicides, rising by 11.52% compared to the previous year.
Categories of Suicides
The report categorizes suicides, with "farmer/cultivator" and "agricultural laborer" being distinct groups. The former refers to those primarily involved in farming, while the latter includes those whose major income source is agricultural labor activities.
Deaths by Suicide
The NCRB Report 2021 highlights a 7.2% increase in suicide deaths in India compared to 2020. The total number of suicide deaths reached 1,64,033 in 2021. Notably, a research study published in the Lancet in 2021 stated that "India records the largest number of suicide deaths in the world."
Suicide Statistics by Region
Among Union Territories, Delhi reported the highest number of suicides (2,840), followed by Puducherry (504). In metropolitan cities, Delhi, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Mumbai reported the highest number of suicides, accounting for over 35.5% of all suicides.
Suicide Statistics by States
Maharashtra reported the most suicide cases (22,207), followed by Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, and Karnataka, collectively accounting for 50.4% of all suicide cases in India.
Suicide Trends
Telangana reported the highest percentage increase in suicides compared to 2020, followed by UP, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Manipur. Conversely, Lakshadweep and Uttarakhand reported significant decreases in suicide rates.
Suicides Among Students
A concerning statistic from the report is that 8% of students died by suicide, which is one of the highest increases. Additionally, 1% of the cases were attributed to exam failure.
Rising Cybercrime Cases
The NCRB Report 2021 also sheds light on the alarming rise of cybercrime cases, particularly in Delhi. The data shows a sharp increase of 111% in cybercrime cases in 2021 compared to 2020. These cases encompass online fraud, online harassment, and the publication of explicit content.
Economic Offenses
Economic offenses, including financial fraud and property fraud, have seen a significant increase of 12.35% in 2021, as reported by the NCRB. Notably, the Chandigarh Police has a 77.3% pendency rate for economic offense cases, indicating a backlog in addressing these crimes.
Conclusion
The NCRB Report 2021 provides a detailed glimpse into the state of crime and incidents in India. While it highlights some alarming trends, it also serves as a call to action for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and society as a whole to address these pressing issues effectively.
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NCRB Report 2021 FAQs
What is the Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Act (POCSO) mentioned in the report?
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Act (POCSO) is a legal framework in India aimed at protecting children from sexual offenses. The NCRB Report 2021 indicates that a significant number of crimes against children fall under the purview of this act.
What is the significance of daily wage earners in the suicide statistics?
Daily wage earners represent a substantial portion of suicide victims in India, as highlighted in the NCRB Report 2021. Their vulnerability to economic and social pressures makes them a concerning demographic in suicide statistics.
Which Indian state reported the highest number of suicides in 2021?
Maharashtra reported the highest number of suicide cases in 2021, according to the NCRB Report. It was followed by Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, and Karnataka.
What are some common types of cybercrimes mentioned in the report?
The NCRB Report 2021 highlights a significant increase in cybercrimes in Delhi, including online fraud, online harassment, and the publication of explicit content.
Why is the pendency rate for economic offense cases concerning?
A high pendency rate for economic offense cases, as observed in the Chandigarh Police, indicates a backlog in addressing these crimes. It implies delays in investigations and legal proceedings, which can hinder justice delivery.